Spinoza’s Ethics 2.0

1P4

Propositio

Duæ aut plures res distinctæ vel inter se distinguuntur ex diversitate attributorum substantiarum vel ex diversitate earundem affectionum.

Voorstelling

Twee, of meer onderscheide dingen worden of naar de verscheidenheit van de toeëigeningen der zelfstandigheden, of naar de verscheidenheit van der zelfder aandoeningen onderscheiden.

Prop.

Two or more distinct things are distinguished one from the other, either by the difference of the attributes of the substances, or by the difference of their modifications.

Ancestors of Proposition

No explicitly cited ancestors.

Descendants of Proposition
Demonstratio

Omnia quæ sunt vel in se vel in alio sunt (per axioma 1) hoc est (per definitiones 3 et 5) extra intellectum nihil datur præter substantias earumque affectiones. Nihil ergo extra intellectum datur per quod plures res distingui inter se possunt præter substantias sive quod idem est (per definitionem 4) earum attributa earumque affectiones. Q.E.D.

Betoging

Alles, dat 'er is, is in zich, of in een ander; (volgens d' eerste Kundigheit) dat is, (volgens de darde en vijfde Bepaling) buiten het bverstant word niets gestelt, dan zelfstandigheden, en der zelfder aandoeningen. Daar word dieshalven buiten het verstant niets gestelt, door 't welk veel dingen onder malkander onderscheiden konnen worden, dan de zelfstandigheden, of, 't welk het zelfde is, (volgens de vierde Kundigheit), der zelfder toeëigeningen, en der zelfder aandoeningen; 't welk te betogen stond.

Proof.

Everything which exists, exists either in itself or in something else (Ax. i.),--that is (by Deff. iii. and v.), nothing is granted in addition to the understanding, except substance and its modifications. Nothing is, therefore, given besides the understanding, by which several things may be distinguished one from the other, except the substances, or, in other words (see Ax. iv.), their attributes and modifications. Q.E.D.

Ancestors of Demonstration
Descendants of Demonstration

No explicitly cited descendants.